Thomas Hobbes And John Locke - 1494 Words

1) Thomas Hobbes and John Locke share the basic assumption that a theory based off of abstract individualism, consent, sovereignty and reason will produce a peaceful and productive society. This theory is the liberal political theory, which is the philosophy of individual rights and a limited government. Both Hobbes and Locke both center the majority of their ideas off of how people’s lives should be based off of nature rights instead of natural law. This being said, people are also subject to the moral laws set and it is ones duty to preserve his wellbeing and strive to meet his own goals but this is where Hobbes and Locke’s theories starts to differ. According to Hobbes, he addresses his abstract individualism in the state of nature†¦show more content†¦Since John Locke is a follower of Hobbes, a lot of his theory’s stem from the same general thoughts in a state of nature. In Locke’s state of nature, men are independent, free and equal. This does come with some limitations, which are that men are at liberty to do as they please, only if they stay within the bounds of the law of nature. As for consent, Locke uses his social contract to show how the people must obey the government or the sovereign but only if the government respects the individuals within the commonwealth’s rights. These rights may be natural but also must primarily follow the moral laws of the social contract. One way Hobbes and Locke differ is with the state of war. Locke believes that all men must respect the rights of other men and it s their duty to do so even within the state of nature when all people are doing what they can to r each their goals. This duty of respecting everyone’s rights is what Locke refers to as the natural law. 2) Thomas Hobbes and John Locke both share similar ideas on the liberal political theory and how it is to be universally recognized and followed by all people and societies. They are realistic and do recognize problems that may cause problems to the system. Those problems are that not everyone will live up to the expectations they have discussed to be universally known. The two groups of people they note may break the written and unwritten laws of society are those who willingly and knowingly do,Show MoreRelatedJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes886 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscuss the differences in political theories expressed by both John Locke and Thomas Hobbes. In, Leviathan, by Thomas Hobbes, and in, The Second Treatise of Government, by John Locke different theories of political legitimacy and definitions of the state of nature are described. The following paragraphs analyze multiple different points that are imperative to understanding these political theories. In the reading, Leviathan, Thomas Hobbes discusses what human existence is in the state of nature andRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke911 Words   |  4 Pagessocial contract theory, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke established many of the founding ideals that contemporary Liberalism is based on. While the shared many similar positions, there are some key distinctions to be made between the arguments Hobbes and Locke make in Leviathan and Second Treatise of Civil Government, respectively. In this paper I will argue the differences between how each of them viewed the right of the subjects to revolt from the sovereign. Thomas Hobbes published his most famousRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke Essay1441 Words   |  6 PagesEifling-Question 4 Hobbes and Locke During and after the English Revolution, a few philosophers expressed different views on their philosophical outlook and life experiences. Some of the most outstanding thinkers include Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. They had opposing views on governance matters, but the two, also, had striking similarities. In addition, the two represented an increasingly modernized European population that despised absolute kingship. Both Hobbes and Locke proposed a conceptionRead MoreJohn Locke And Thomas Hobbes1287 Words   |  6 Pagesknow how to balance and consider the nature of humankind and their rights. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes were both political philosophers who developed theories about how the government should work. They set up their theories around The Natural Law and the Social Contract Theory. Although John Locke and Thomas Hobbes had a similar goal, their beliefs and opinions were definitely not the same. John Locke and Thomas Hobbes both believed in the Natural Law and the Social Contract Theory. They both developedRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1346 Words   |  6 PagesContracts Thomas Hobbes and John Locke were two English political philosophers, who have had a lasting impact on modern political science. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke both spent much of their lives attempting to identify the best form of government. Locke and Hobbes were among the most prominent of theorists when it came to social contract and human rights. A Social Contract is an agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, are the twoRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke928 Words   |  4 Pagesthere is no formed society, government, laws, safety, etc. both Thomas Hobbes and John Locke take this into perspective while introducing a political view. As illustrated by Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Karl Marx, and Friedrich Engels, they proposed political views on how human nature can prosper. Initially, Thomas Hobbes introduces a concept on the state of nature and its effects as well as how peace can be achieved. In Leviathan, Hobbes defines what living in a state of nature would be like and theRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke888 Words   |  4 Pagesare very similar but diverge in the moments that solidify their stance on their opinion. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke is both political scientist who have made strides in the area of social contracts and share being natural law theorist also. Locke and all other natural law theorists assumed that man was by nature a social animal and there fore struck contracts with each other to secure safety among them. Hobbes assumed differently, thus his verdicts are very different from other natural law theoristsRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1426 Words   |  6 PagesBy the second half of the 17th Century, England would experience one of the bloodiest conflicts in its history, ultimately serving to influence some of the mo st phenomenal political philosophers in Europe --Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke. England was in constant unrest, choosing new forms of government almost on a whim in desperate attempts to restore order in the Country. The English Civil War in 1642 etched a legacy of dread in the people of England, and the war only appeared more disastrous andRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1659 Words   |  7 Pagesmajority. The following pages show how modern social contract theory especially that of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, grew into the divisive issue it is in contemporary political philosophy. Modern social contract theory can trace its roots to prominent thinkers Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. It is their thoughts on social contracts that lie at the center of the many spheres we are a part of. For Hobbes and Locke, social contract theory sought to analyze the relationship between rulers and the ruledRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke1361 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Hobbes and John Locke were two English thinkers in the seventeenth-century who s ideas became a key to the Enlightenment. Baron de Montesquieu and Voltaire were philosophers who applied the methods of science to understand and improve society. Thomas Hobbes believed in a powerful government. He believed people were naturally cruel, greedy, and selfish, and if they were not strictly controlled they would commit crimes and abuse one another. He believed that life with no government would be

Nursing Profession Free Essays

The Registered Nurse: Roles and Responsibilities from Past to Present The nursing profession forms a complex set of responsibilities that leans toward health care and well being. The Royal College of Nursing established six principles that elucidate the concept of the nursing profession. These six principles include the purpose, line of work, coverage, focus, value enhancement, and partnership programs Supporting health and preventing the occurrence of certain medical conditions and illnesses are the primary goals of nursing. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Profession or any similar topic only for you Order Now The second principle is that the nursing profession serves as a mode of intervention, which determines the totality of an individual’s health care needs and looks through the attainment of these necessities. The domain that the nursing profession covers is limited to the health care needs of individuals, including physiological, psychological, mental, and social requirements. The fourth principle discusses the focus of the profession that lies on the entire being of a person with regards to health care treatment. Moreover, the foundations of the nursing practice are based on morally and ethically inclined responsibilities to human life. The sixth and the last principles of the nursing profession is the establishment of partnership of nurses with patients and their families, and other health care professionals in order to accomplish all the goals of nursing. Registered nurses are deemed to build the foundation of health care facilities. They carry out several roles and responsibilities such as involvements in patient care and instruction, health care assessments, and patient plans regarding discharge. Other known responsibilities of registered nurses include in depth knowledge about drugs and medicines for purposeful patient administration, as well as equipments and services in health care facilities, and the expression of care and compassion for those who are in dire need of health care attention. Over time, the roles and responsibilities of registered nurses have changed with the advent of technological advancements and the shifts to community health nursing. Technology offers nurses the opportunity for professional encroachment, as they are required to learn about new assistive technologies that are designed to assist in health care administration. Moreover, the shift of nursing practices to focus more on community health nursing emphasizes on the roles of nurses as an educator of health care practices and principles to the community. The nursing profession has also become specialized as nurses acquire specific roles within the health care facility. Becoming a Nurse There are several specializations available for nurses, such as available jobs in hospitals, clinics, residential homes, private home practice, etc. The route to becoming a nurse is dependent on an individual’s decisions regarding the type of nurse one wants to become. Nursing requires intensive education, because of the complexity of nursing roles and responsibilities. Therefore, individuals must be willing to get involved with the demanding nature of nursing education. Moreover, individuals must be mentally and psychologically prepared to take on various challenging positions that nursing education might require. The Educational Aspect of Becoming a Nurse The educational aspect of nursing varies because of the differences and limitations with regards to the different nursing roles and specialization. Individuals may opt to start in school with an ADN (Associate Degree in Nursing), Hospital Diploma, or a BSN (Bachelor of Science in Nursing). An Associate Degree only requires two years of schooling. The obtainment of a diploma requires three years, and the Bachelor of Science Degree requires four years. Nursing schools require the completion of several courses, mostly related to sciences, and the attainment of standards regarding grade point averages. To become a registered nurse, passing the NCLEX is important. (â€Å"Become a Registered Nurse†) What do they Do? Individuals with hospital or nursing diplomas are more hands on with their work, although limited in in depth knowledge and skills of the nursing profession. An Associate Degree in Nursing, like the Hospital Diploma, is limited to the acquisition of technical skills only. For wider skills in management and administration, continuing to earn a Bachelor of Science Degree in education is advisable. Types of Nurses, and Where They Work There are several types of registered nurses, the associate nurse, the nurse who has completed a Bachelor of Science Degree, and the Nursing Practitioner. The Associate Nurse earned two years of education concentrating on one year of science related courses and another year for nursing practice. Associate Nurses have the opportunity to work in Extensive Care (outpatient, etc.), hospitals (specializing in medical surgery assistance), and private care (in a doctor’s office). Associate nurses are able to develop their professions through further education and gaining experience in extensive care and hospitals, in becoming medical doctors, registered nurses, and a certified nursing assistant. For those who are in private care, alternatives include being medical doctors or registered nurses. Individuals who have gained a Bachelor’s degree in nursing may work in Extensive Care or hospitals. Job specifications are significantly concentrated on the managerial level in Extensive Care and more crucial jobs in hospitals, such as monitoring all aspects of health care and the administration of patient treatments, planning health care plans in intensive care, getting involved in community based health care, etc. For individuals who have completed a Bachelor’s degree in nursing, the role of nursing practitioner is open to them through the obtainment of a Masters Degree. Nursing practitioners, as they are able to work in hospitals and work in private care, are more like doctors, such that they are able to prescribe drugs and medications to their patients. By earning a master’s degree, they gain in depth knowledge about diagnostics and evaluation of health conditions. Moreover, nursing practitioners are able to administer patient referrals. Earning a master’s degree is important as it enhances their skills in preparation of being a nursing practitioner by undergoing research, social work, health care management, and health care education. These roles form the comprehensive roles and responsibilities of the nursing practitioner. References â€Å"Become a Registered Nurse.† (2008). Retrieved May 10, 2008, from All Star Directories, Inc. Website: http://www.allnursingschools.com/faqs/be_rn.php â€Å"Registered Nurse-Associates.† (2004). Retrieved May 10, 2008, from MHA Health Careers Center. Website: http://www.mshealthcareers.com/careers/rn-associates.htm Royal College of Nursing. (2003). â€Å"Defining Nursing.† Retrieved May 9, 2008, from The Royal College of Nursing. Website: http://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/78564/001983.pdf How to cite Nursing Profession, Essay examples Nursing Profession Free Essays The Registered Nurse: Roles and Responsibilities from Past to Present The nursing profession forms a complex set of responsibilities that leans toward health care and well being. The Royal College of Nursing established six principles that elucidate the concept of the nursing profession. These six principles include the purpose, line of work, coverage, focus, value enhancement, and partnership programs Supporting health and preventing the occurrence of certain medical conditions and illnesses are the primary goals of nursing. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Profession or any similar topic only for you Order Now The second principle is that the nursing profession serves as a mode of intervention, which determines the totality of an individual’s health care needs and looks through the attainment of these necessities. The domain that the nursing profession covers is limited to the health care needs of individuals, including physiological, psychological, mental, and social requirements. The fourth principle discusses the focus of the profession that lies on the entire being of a person with regards to health care treatment. Moreover, the foundations of the nursing practice are based on morally and ethically inclined responsibilities to human life. The sixth and the last principles of the nursing profession is the establishment of partnership of nurses with patients and their families, and other health care professionals in order to accomplish all the goals of nursing. Registered nurses are deemed to build the foundation of health care facilities. They carry out several roles and responsibilities such as involvements in patient care and instruction, health care assessments, and patient plans regarding discharge. Other known responsibilities of registered nurses include in depth knowledge about drugs and medicines for purposeful patient administration, as well as equipments and services in health care facilities, and the expression of care and compassion for those who are in dire need of health care attention. Over time, the roles and responsibilities of registered nurses have changed with the advent of technological advancements and the shifts to community health nursing. Technology offers nurses the opportunity for professional encroachment, as they are required to learn about new assistive technologies that are designed to assist in health care administration. Moreover, the shift of nursing practices to focus more on community health nursing emphasizes on the roles of nurses as an educator of health care practices and principles to the community. The nursing profession has also become specialized as nurses acquire specific roles within the health care facility. Becoming a Nurse There are several specializations available for nurses, such as available jobs in hospitals, clinics, residential homes, private home practice, etc. The route to becoming a nurse is dependent on an individual’s decisions regarding the type of nurse one wants to become. Nursing requires intensive education, because of the complexity of nursing roles and responsibilities. Therefore, individuals must be willing to get involved with the demanding nature of nursing education. Moreover, individuals must be mentally and psychologically prepared to take on various challenging positions that nursing education might require. The Educational Aspect of Becoming a Nurse The educational aspect of nursing varies because of the differences and limitations with regards to the different nursing roles and specialization. Individuals may opt to start in school with an ADN (Associate Degree in Nursing), Hospital Diploma, or a BSN (Bachelor of Science in Nursing). An Associate Degree only requires two years of schooling. The obtainment of a diploma requires three years, and the Bachelor of Science Degree requires four years. Nursing schools require the completion of several courses, mostly related to sciences, and the attainment of standards regarding grade point averages. To become a registered nurse, passing the NCLEX is important. (â€Å"Become a Registered Nurse†) What do they Do? Individuals with hospital or nursing diplomas are more hands on with their work, although limited in in depth knowledge and skills of the nursing profession. An Associate Degree in Nursing, like the Hospital Diploma, is limited to the acquisition of technical skills only. For wider skills in management and administration, continuing to earn a Bachelor of Science Degree in education is advisable. Types of Nurses, and Where They Work There are several types of registered nurses, the associate nurse, the nurse who has completed a Bachelor of Science Degree, and the Nursing Practitioner. The Associate Nurse earned two years of education concentrating on one year of science related courses and another year for nursing practice. Associate Nurses have the opportunity to work in Extensive Care (outpatient, etc.), hospitals (specializing in medical surgery assistance), and private care (in a doctor’s office). Associate nurses are able to develop their professions through further education and gaining experience in extensive care and hospitals, in becoming medical doctors, registered nurses, and a certified nursing assistant. For those who are in private care, alternatives include being medical doctors or registered nurses. Individuals who have gained a Bachelor’s degree in nursing may work in Extensive Care or hospitals. Job specifications are significantly concentrated on the managerial level in Extensive Care and more crucial jobs in hospitals, such as monitoring all aspects of health care and the administration of patient treatments, planning health care plans in intensive care, getting involved in community based health care, etc. For individuals who have completed a Bachelor’s degree in nursing, the role of nursing practitioner is open to them through the obtainment of a Masters Degree. Nursing practitioners, as they are able to work in hospitals and work in private care, are more like doctors, such that they are able to prescribe drugs and medications to their patients. By earning a master’s degree, they gain in depth knowledge about diagnostics and evaluation of health conditions. Moreover, nursing practitioners are able to administer patient referrals. Earning a master’s degree is important as it enhances their skills in preparation of being a nursing practitioner by undergoing research, social work, health care management, and health care education. These roles form the comprehensive roles and responsibilities of the nursing practitioner. References â€Å"Become a Registered Nurse.† (2008). Retrieved May 10, 2008, from All Star Directories, Inc.   Website: http://www.allnursingschools.com/faqs/be_rn.php â€Å"Registered Nurse-Associates.† (2004). Retrieved May 10, 2008, from MHA Health Careers Center. Website: http://www.mshealthcareers.com/careers/rn-associates.htm Royal College of Nursing. (2003). â€Å"Defining Nursing.† Retrieved May 9, 2008, from The Royal College of Nursing. Website How to cite Nursing Profession, Essay examples

Ottawa city.Capital of Canada free essay sample

Ottawa capital of Canada and place of Carleton County, southeasterly Ontario, at the meeting of the Ottawa, Gatineau, and Rideau rivers. Its metropolitan country lies astride the Ontario-Quebec boundary line. The first descriptions of Ottawa s future site were written by the laminitis of New France, Samuel de Champlain, in 1613. The rivers served as passageways for adventurers and bargainers over the undermentioned two centuries. The Napoleonic Wars increased Britain s demand for shipbuilding lumber, and the Ottawa Valley offered merely such resources. In 1800 an American, Philemon Wright, had begun timbering across the Ottawa River in what became the metropolis of Hull. During the War of 1812 between Britain and the United States, the Rideau provided the British with a safe transportation path from the Ottawa River to Kingston, on Lake Ontario, therefore spurring colony of Ottawa. It was hastened by the reaching in 1826 of Lt. Col. John By of the Royal Engineers to work on canalising the river, and the town became Bytown. We will write a custom essay sample on Ottawa city.Capital of Canada or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Ottawa might still be a modest metropolis had non political wrangles between Quebec metropolis and Toronto and between Montreal and Kingston induced leaders to name upon Queen Victoria to denominate a capital for United Canada. In 1855 Bytown was incorporated and rechristened Ottawa after the Indian folk. It became the fastest turning cities in Emergency Alert Systems tern Canada, a development due mostly to the presence of the national authorities. In 1937 Prime Minister William L. Mackenzie King brought the designer Jacques Grà ©ber from France to get down the renovation of the national capital territory. The fur trade and pounding have diminished in importance, and industry now employs merely a little fraction of the labour force. The federal authorities is the major employer. Many commercial and fiscal associations from around the state every bit good as embassies and trade associations are besides located at that place. Ottawa is served by both of Canada s major railwaies and several air hoses. There is bus service throughout the metropolis. Navigation on the Ottawa and Rideau rivers, except for pleasance trade, is a thing of the yesteryear. The major cultural Centres remain the metropolis s three universities. The University of Ottawa and St. Paul University are bilingual establishments, whereas direction at Carleton University is wholly in English. A big community college, Algonquin, provides proficient preparation. Ottawa besides houses the National Arts Centre, which includes an opera house and two theaters, the National Library and Public Archives Building, the National Museum of Science and Technology, and the National Gallery of Canada. Pop. ( 1991 ) metropolis, 313,987 ; Ottawa-Hull metropolitan country, 920,857.

The Economic Trend of the United States

Economy can be defined as the wealth and resources of a community,especially in terms of production and consumption of goods and services. Currently, the United States is the leading super power in the world and it acts as a role model to other states. The economic trend in the United States influences the economic status of the whole world.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Economic Trend of the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is to say, the economic status in the United States reflects the economic situation in the whole world. At the moment, there is a slight improvement in the United States’ economy. Even with these improvements, it is still not where it had been anticipated before the whole world went through a great depression (Economic outlook, 2012). Over 100,000 jobs have been created in the past seven months by the U.S. economy. However, it still remains halfway below the se t bar of 200,000. Jobs stipulated to bring down the rate of unemployment remained at 8.2 percent in the month of March. This has been a major obstacle in re-electing president Barrack Obama among other fiscal matters. There has been a slight growth in consumption levels, Gross Domestic Product and income levels in the U.S., but this slight growth is not what was expected. The housing mortgage market is still dead, one of the major contributors of the bad American economy. The Federal Reserve has continued to stimulate oil prices by reducing the interest rates to almost zero and quantitative ease but to no avail. In the fiscal year 2012/2013, even though weak, the U.S. economy has recorded a positive growth rate of 2 percent in its Gross Domestic Product (World Financial Watch, 2013). Consumption in households has continued to be a major point to be pondered. Consumption households in the U.S. indicated an increase in the year 2012 and the beginning of 2013 because of the additional jobs created and the stimuli of fiscal policies which put it at an additional gain of +2.2 percent in the fiscal year 2011. In this period of 2011 and early 2012, a lower spending rate was recorded of +1.4 percent because people could not afford luxuries. They could not afford to go for vacations and host extra visitors. This is low as compared to the previous 3.3 percent on average that was recorded in the earlier years. This can be blamed on the high unemployment rates, but mostly on the low personal income which is disposable because of the increase in taxes at 0.6 percent year after year.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This has also been contributed largely by the acute and steady increase in gasoline prices. To cover up for this consumption, many consumers have continued to borrow through automatic loans, credit cards, consumer loans, corporate junk boards and the comm ercial real estates. The credits being taken by the consumers have gone up by fifteen, in the past sixteen, months making it just three points before it reaches eighteen as recorded in August 2008 (Economic Outlook, 2012). There have been small forms of development in investment areas in the U.S., insolvencies are on the other hand falling. Businesses that are investing in software and other equipment are rising up and have recovered from their losses and this has continued for the greater portion of the year 2012 and is continuing in the year 2013. This is possible because they are being sustained by the restoration of good health shown by the businesses which have had considerable cash liquidities, thereby presenting them with an opportunity to borrow at affordable interest rates, for example, the commercial banks. On the other hand, businesses involved in construction have continued to suffer greatly from the housing state markets like the subprime mortgages with starts of housin g permits to be at seventy percent, a rate that is lower compared to the 2006 rate, which was higher even though this rose slightly for some few months. In the light of this, bankruptcy in businesses declined for the fourth round in the year 2011, seventh straight quarter and is still feared to fall by 10 percent in the fiscal year 2012 (Moseley, 2009). The fiscal policy is currently facing turmoil. President Barrack Obama recently presented his budget for the 2013 fiscal year, and would most likely raise the deficit instead of increasing the value of the economy. Republicans also presented a budget that countered Obama’s budget, indicating that it would reform entitlements and cut on government spending. Unfortunately, none of the two budgets presented by the two parties passed the test of solving the poor economy. Serious matters regarding the economy were expected to come up, because one,- the tax that was reduced during President George W. Bush regime and the reduced payr oll were meant to be phased out as in the case of benefits in joblessness reduction as well as the cut in budget sequences that must increase. Secondly, the goal that was set might have been too low and would have had to bet set higher. Thirdly, the presidential elections are more likely to focus on the U.S. nation’s finances and the U.S. economy. Meanwhile, since World War II, no president has ever been put back on the presidential sit with a high rate of unemployment as it has been seen recently (World Financial Watch, 2013)Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Economic Trend of the United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The monetary policy in America is facing up but the third round of easing quantitatively is quiet an unreachable ambition. Benarke, a chairman at the Federal Reserve, has been increasingly thorough in his assessment of the of the U.S. economy currently resulting in the increase o f the treasury yields. He however continues to work hard and to do whatever it takes to lower the interest rates to zero. He plans to go on with his strategies till the end of the fiscal year 2014. This is a situation that seems so impossible that the rest of the people in the federal sector wonder if it is achievable and workable for a better future. Reduction in the interest rates has led to the weakening of the dollar. Benarke still believes in the QE3 (a third round of quantitative easing). According to him, risking another round of recession is too dangerous. It is a sharp rise in the oil prices that would most likely lead to the third round of quantitative easing without which there could be no QE3. Reduction in unemployment and the growth of the economy would make a third round of quantitative easing not necessary because there would be no exaggerated inflation rates in the future (Economic Outlook, 2012). External trade in the USA still remains at a big loss. The growth impu lse obtained fromexternal or foreign trade was only for a shorter period of time recorded to be positive. This was only seen in 2011. From 2012 onwards, it has been seen to be negative. Meanwhile, thecurrent account balances and trade balance are at a risk of being strongly being deficit. This is likely so because of one, America mainly demands for its imports from Japan, Europe and china. Secondly, it is the weaknesses experienced in these economies, Japan, China and Europe, that are widening the economic gap in America. Thirdly, the constant increasing oil prices have contributed largely to the shortage with the oil producing nations (OPEC). America imports comprises of food products like fish from Japan as well as some makes of vehicles from Japan, china and Europe. It tends to overlook other states. Any problem experienced by any of these states will also be experienced by America. It is wise that America has a wide variety in terms of where to source for its products. It should instead focus on expanding its scope and import from other states that might be more convenient in terms of prices and continued production. The continuous changing oil prices also have contributed to the poor economy not just in America but worldwide. A solution should be put in place to be able to stabilize prices (Economic Outlook, 2012). America has experienced a decline in the profit rates. This has also been a major reason to the fall of the U.S. economy. This happened in the 1950s all through to the 1970 where the profit declined almost to 50 percent which was at 22 percent and went down to 12 percent.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Even though there has been a slight improvement, it is still the case in the year 2013. This is mostly reflected in the capitalist states because they are all dependent in America. According to Marxist theory, it has resulted in the high rate of unemployment, high rate of inflation and consequently, low wages resulting in low investments. People can no longer invest because they have no money for investments. This is the reason for the slow growth rate. The U.S. government is putting in much effort to reduce the unemployment rate by implementing monetary policies like the reduction in government spending, controlled interestrates and controlled taxes. Organizations have put in insolvency approaches to cut wagesfor them to continue working, negotiating their arrears and consider union agreements invalid (Economic Outlook, 2012). Even though America has been seen to grow in its economy, a lot still needs to be done to see it achieve the best economy. This is important because its econ omy is a mirror to the rest of the capitalist’s states in the whole world. A bad economy has a bad impact on its people. This can be seen in the expensive health care that the common citizen cannot afford, the poor living standards seen by the poor housing and lack of basic needs like food, shelter and proper clothing. A poor economy has its people exhausted and stressed up at the work place because they are not motivated. America has to come up with various approaches that will see the continent grow as a whole and not just individually. This can also be achieved if fair and proper policies are put in place (William, 2011). References Economic Outlook. (2012). Economic outlook as of May 2012. Retrieved from www.eulerhemes.us/eu/economic-research.html. Moseley, F. (2009).Us economic crisis: Causes and solutions. ISR. 64. Retrieved from www.isreview.org/issues/64/feat-moseley-shmtl. William, M. A. (2011). Economics: A Contemporary introduction (9th Ed.). New York: South Wester n College. World Financial Watch. (2013, April 13). World financial watch. Retrieved from www.worldfinanacialwatch.com/us-economy/the -current-state-of-us-economy. This essay on The Economic Trend of the United States was written and submitted by user Cali Howell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Character Sketch of George Essay Essay Example

Character Sketch of George Essay Essay Example Character Sketch of George Essay Paper Character Sketch of George Essay Paper George would non be himself if he didn’t have Lennie. George can be describe as a responsible and caring individual every bit good as a dreamer. George is responsible non merely for himself. but besides for Lennie â€Å"I want you to remain with me. Lennie. Jesus Christ somebody’d shoot you for a prairie wolf if you was by yourself. No. you stay with me. Your Aunt Clara wouldn’t like you running off by yourself. even if she is dead. † ( Steinbeck. 13 ) ; Lennie said excitedly â€Å"But non us! An’ why? Because†¦ because I got you to look after me. and you got me to look after you. and that’s why. † ( Steinbeck. 14 ) George promised Lennie’s Aunt Clara that he would take attention of Lennie no affair what happened. even if he was responsible for all of Lennie’s problem and besides for Lennie’s decease. He would neer abandon him despite of his mental damage even though he had the opportunity to. Equally good as George cares a batch about Lennie and even for the other cats of the spread. George calmly admits. â€Å"I been average ain’t I? † ( Steinbeck. 12 ) ; George seeking to pick up his words â€Å" Ever’body gon na be nice to you. Ain’t gon na be no more problem. Cipher gon na ache cipher nor bargain from ‘em. † ( what to set ) Steinbeck writes â€Å"And George raised the gun and steadied it. and he brought the muzzle of it close to the dorsum of Lennie’s caput. † ( Steinbeck. 106 ) George knows when he had hurt ( s ) Lennie’s feelings. He killed Lennie because he doesn’t want Lennie to endure in this universe any longer. because he cares. It wasn’t the best thing that he could make but he thought that it would be easier for Lennie and himself. Furthermore. George and Lennie have a program. to purchase a house. a dream that that they can name their ain. It’s still the American dream today. George said convincingly to Lennie â€Å"With us it ain’t like that. We got a hereafter. We got person to speak to that gives a darn about us. We don’t have to sit in saloon room blowin’ our doodly-squat jus’ because we got no topographic point else to travel. If them other guys gets in gaol they can decompose for all anybody gives a darn. But non us†¦ ( another line ) We’ll have a large vegetable spot and a coney hutch and poulets. And when it rains in the winter. we’ll merely state the snake pit with going’ to work and we’ll construct up around it an’ listen to the rain comin’ down on the roof – Nuts! † ( Steinbeck. 14 ) George and Lennie planned what they wanted to hold a long clip ago. but Lennie wanted to hear it all over once more. They dreamt of having â€Å"an acre of land and a shack† to name their ain. It seemed possible when they started working in the Ranch with Candy besides take parting. but after Lennie died. George would non hold Lennie to do him all excited about their dream. And there’s no point of accomplishing it without Lennie because this dream made their friendship tight. made them go closer to each other. and made them think that they have a hereafter. If Lennie wasn’t portion of George’s life so George wouldn’t have a hereafter. he’d merely travel to town and blow his doodly-squat each month like all the other bindle stiffs around. Often men’s program goes amiss. we should anticipate the unexpected.

What to Do and Not Do to Make More Money When the Work Dries Up

What to Do and Not Do to Make More Money When the Work Dries Up As I close in on 14 years of full-time freelancing, I find that now and then work can suddenly dry up. Whether the high-paying kind of work that I enjoy offers returns depends on how I respond to these lulls. I used to panic and go after any and all work that I could find. This so-called work included the cheapest lowball offers in and outside my niche, accepting any style, genre and subject matter. I was desperate and looked and acted it. I attracted the worst side of this business. I lost much of my confidence in getting high-quality, high-paying work again. After about two or three weeks of this behavior, my plate would fill with bad, low-paying gigs. Then, as luck would have it, a flood of my normal, high-paying work would come in too. Now I had twice the work I could handle, half of which I didnt want. I couldnt turn the good work down, and I couldnt ignore my responsibility to complete the other work I had committed to. I have since learned to spend those two- or three-week periods calmly, patiently and confidently going after the best work I possibly could. I did so with patience, not letting anyone know my situation, not acting or appearing desperate. Now at the end of such periods, there is no crap to deal with when my luck turns around. I now live and work with the confidence that every time such periods come along, if I respond in a confident manner, in lieu of fearful and desperate, everything will return to normal in a few weeks. Let me elaborate on what I do during those typically two- to three- week periods to bring a rush of new work in. First, I approach existing editors, asking them as to how they are doing and taking a genuine interest in them, both personally and professionally. I drop them an email with tips and leads or open up a discussion on topics that interest them. If that doesnt lead to an assignment, I re-read the publication and competing publications, and I look for unanswered questions and other material that may be the impetus for new pitches. Then I write longer, better and more detailed pitches than I typically do for these editors I already know. I think they respect the additional effort and commitment to the project. And the more they can see upfront, the more convincing my argument that I can finish a great story. I do likewise with new-to-me editors, but again only those with the best work and pay rates. I put together well-considered letters of introduction and samples to go with great story pitches. The more excited I am about a story, and the more research I have done to develop it, the easier it is for editors to become interested. Here is the critical theme in all this: The more you need the work, the more serious and committed you have to be. You have to make your biggest investment, your strongest commitment, and demonstrate extensive preparation in your proposals in order to get the work. More than that, show your best creative writing chops in the process. Write things that are genuinely profound in unique ways. Speak about subjects in a manner no one has ever done before. Dont be afraid to cut against the grain a little bit. But dont let them smell your fear. That does nobody any good.

The philosophy of political science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The philosophy of political science - Essay Example Internal sovereignty of state refers to the state’s legal and political supremacy with respect to matters and issues within its nation state territorial borders. For instance, in 1945, many people were tortured and killed in Nuremberg city they were not called criminals they were part of sovereign state. Linked with the concept of sovereignty, is the doctrine of territorial integrity which states that a State has the right to resist any foreign aggression, intervention and invasion within its territorial boundaries. Sovereignty is the main platform for international politics and in basic tenets of the United Nations, which guarantees equality of all States. 3. Describe in detail the different forms of democracy discussed in class and in the text. What criticisms do the opponents of democracy make about this form of government? Democracy is the power for the people by the people. There are two forms of democracy namely; direct and indirect. Direct democracy is a form of democra cy whereby there exists a government of the people for the people. For democracy to develop, it is important to carry out elections to choose a new government. In addition, human rights are not violated by the ruling government. Also, the government has limited lifespan to stay in the office, it has the responsibility to make real choices and decisions and it encourage social welfare to promote productivity. In direct democracy, the citizens participate directly in the political system through voting. Indirect democracy on the other hand is a form of democracy in which the citizens elect or choose a government but following this election have little contribution or no input as to governmental... The essay covers such questions like can the study of politics be correctly called a science? Study of politics since it involves the study of political elements and conducts this study using scientific method. The essay brings up the accuracy of a defenition. The legal definition of the state stipulates that the state is a territorially bound sovereign entity with a government. It is a useful definition because a sovereign state is a state with a prescribed territory on which it practices and exercises internal and external authority. The essay describes in detail the different forms of democracy discussed in class and in the text. What criticisms do the opponents of democracy make about this form of government? Democracy is the power for the people by the people. There are two forms of democracy namely; direct and indirect. The essay also manages to discuss the components of the Functional definition of the state and the concept of state as a nation. State is the only institution i n the world that has sovereignty in that it has the authority or power over many issues. The main role of the leader or the governor in a sovereign state is to keep order by all means either using violence means or force. The essay discusses the characteristics and goals of both totalitarianism and authoritarianism. Why do some believe that these are viable alternatives to democracy? Totalitarianism is a radical form of government whereby there is total control of the people.

Public Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Public Health - Essay Example The primary goal of the nurses is to promote and preserve the health of the population through the assessment of the health needs, health planning, implementation and evaluation of the current impact of health services to the target population (Clark, 2008). The nurse is expected to act as a clinician, health educator by dissemination of correct disease prevention information, facilitator by establishing linkages and evaluator of the outcome of the nursing interventions. The nurses are involved in health promotion services and disease prevention in the communities (Carroll, 2004). The nurse is actively involved in health planning process by identifying the community health problems and environmental hazards that present high health risk to the target population (Clark, 2008). Role in health planning The nurse must collaborate with specific risk populations within the community in developing a public policy that will guide the disease prevention efforts (Phyllis, 2009, p 20). ... The community health nurse must be actively involved in setting the priorities for the health-related interventions that lead to great impact on the health of the population (Carroll, 2004). Accordingly, the nurse will be tasked with the design and outlining the key areas that will be covered in the health education campaigns and disease prevention efforts such as providing awareness on the need of immunizations, personal hygiene and disease screening (Phyllis, 2009, p 22). It is the duty of the nurse to identify the vulnerable and high-risk groups and provide the necessary assistance in preventing the communicable diseases (Clark, 2008). Role in implementation The nurse is expected to assist the patients to attain optimum health care in situations of ill health, injury or normal health. Accordingly, the nurse is tasked with maintaining client and administrative health records and adhering to the professional and legal framework regarding the confidentiality and privacy of patients ( Clark, 2008). The nurse must advocate for the dignity and respect of patients and respect the autonomy of the patients in regards to the health needs. In addition, the nurse is expected to promote the principles of fairness and equity while addressing the health needs of the clients and promoting healthy environment in the homes, schools and community. As an educator, the nurse is tasked with promoting higher results through constant review of the emerging issues regarding the health care promotion services (Carroll, 2004). The nurse has a collaborative role that entails working closely with other health care professionals such as occupational therapists psychologists, biostatisticians, and nutritionists in promotion the health

The Relevance of J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye in Modern Times Essay Example for Free

The Relevance of J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye in Modern Times Essay Its highly intriguing that years after its publishing, The Catcher in the Rye remains such an intriguing novel to teachers, students, and the general population alike. Yet through analyzing the main themes of the book, one can deduce that although the slang and fashion might be outdated, The Catcher in the Rye is still relatable and relevant. This can be primarily attributed to the constant theme of teenage angst and desire for rebellion, a common feeling spurred amongst the young for decades. The book also remains relevant because of the history behind the book as well as the culture it has created. Regardless of opinions however, J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye, although written half a century ago, maintains relevance in this time as a coming of age novel that opens perspectives and boldly exposes themes that were once tabooed in the American society. To begin, Holden has primarily maintained relevance in the modern age because he continues to give a voice to the youth of our society. Taking a tone of rebellion, Holden separates himself from the society that is so illegitimate in his eyes, and seems to form a realm of his own within his mind. This primarily entails his disrespect for most adults and the rules they make for everyone. You can see Holdens disdain for adults during his conversation with Mr. Spencer, [] I could shoot the old bull to old Spencer and think about those ducks at the same timeYou dont have to think too hard when you talk to a teacher. (Salinger 18). The aspect of Salingers novel that is most relevant to youth today is how it shows teenage years as a time of conflict and change. Conflict is found not only between a teenager and their society, but also between other people, and even within themselves. Holden seems to despise his environment, mocking others as phonies and criticizing actions and events everywhere. Says Holden about a friend of Sallys, [] he went to Andover. Big, big dealHe was the kind of a phony that have to give themselves room when they answer somebodys question. (Salinger 165) This is parallel to the infamous teenage stereotype of rebellion and disobedience, as youth today are perceived as arrogant and wanting to create their own rules. The novel provokes emotion within the reader because they are finally able to connect with someone on that level. On that note, the book also connects with a teenagers insecurities and self-evaluation, proven by its usage by other authors. An example of this would be the novel King Dork, in which the main character Tom criticizes his school for lauding The Catcher in the Rye when it really isnt that special. The truth of the matter, however, is that Tom is extremely similar to Holden, in that they both have emotional and complicated lives as teenagers filled with angst and discord. The fact that Catcher is referred to so much in this novel that is half a century newer shows that J.D. Salinger has made an impact in youth literature and created a template for which writers can explore the complexity of the teenage mind. Finally, the book remains an essential part of the 20th century culture not only because of the message of teenage angst it portrays but because of the following it gained and notoriety of some supporters. Notably, The Catcher in the Rye was noted to be an integral part to two separate, high profile murder attempts, one of which was successful. The most famous incident was the 1980 assassination of John Lennon by Mark David Chapman. Chapman, who at one point even tried to change his name to Holden Caulfield, assassinated John Lennon in 1980. When arrested, Chapman was clutching a copy of The Catcher in the Rye, and wrote inside, This is my statement (Ball). In an interview, Chapman stated he [] was literally living insideThe Catcher in the Rye (Chapman). While Chapman was institutionalized, and the connection he made from the book to the murder has yet to be determined, the mystery of the books inspiration for murder still intrigues people (Ball). In conclusion, The Catcher in the Rye still captures interest from readers today because the message of teenage angst and growth is timeless. The novel is able to effectively portray a teenagers rebellious nature and rejection of society that masks uncertainty of ones own self. It also has a sense of mystery surrounding it, as inspired one of the most well known murders of the 20th century. J.D. Salinger captivates readers because the novel lacks the stereotypical sugar coating of a young adult novel; it gives a true perspective on the trouble of being a teenager and exposes a whole new realm that people can appreciate. Works Cited Ball, Sarah. J.D. Salingers Influence. The Daily Beast. 27 Jan. 2010. Web. 23 Sept. 2011. http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2010/01/27/the-gospel-according-to-holden.html. Chapman, Mark D. Mark David Chapman in His Own Words. Interview by Larry King. CNN. 30 Sept. 200. Web. 22 Sept. 2011. http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0009/30/lklw.00.html. Salinger, J. D. The Catcher in the Rye. Boston: Little, Brown, 1951. Print.

Langston Hughes Essay -- Biography Writer Author Essays

Langston Hughes Langston Hughes was born on February 1, 1902, in Joplin, Missouri. He was named after his father, James Hughes, but was known as Langston. He was the only child from his parents James and Carrie Hughes. His parents were not married for long because of an unhappy marriage. When they separated, Langston was left with his mother, who left him behind to move from city to city to find work. Langston ended up living with his 70 year-old grandmother in Lawrence, Kansas. He lived with her until he was 13, and then he moved back with his mother in Lincoln, Kansas after his grandmother died in 1915. Langston, his mother, and his new stepfather lived in Lincoln for a year, until his stepfather found work and then they all moved to Ohio, where Langston went to high school. Langston went to a high school called Central High. After 2 years, Langston’s mother and stepfather moved to Chicago, but Hughes stayed in Cleveland to Graduate from high school. Langston was very devoted in high school. His first piece of verse was published in Central High Monthly, which was a very prominent school magazine, which he later became staff of and published his work monthly. One of Langston’s English teachers introduced him to writers such as Carl Sandburg, and Walt Whitman, which became Langston’s earliest influences. In the summer after 11th grade, Langston’s father reentered his life. He was living in Toluca, Mexico. Hughes went to visit his father that summer bu...

Credit Appraisal Process of Sbi

APJEM Arth  Prabhand:  A  Journal  of  Economics  and  Management  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vol. 2  Issue  1,  January  2013,  ISSN  2278? 0629 CREDIT APPRAISAL PROCESS OF SBI: A CASE STUDY OF BRANCH OF SBI IN HISAR NANCY ARORA*; DR. ARTI GAUR**; MS. BABITA*** *Student, Department of Business Administration, CDLU, Sirsa. **Assistant  Professor, Department of Business Administration, CDLU, Sirsa. **Teaching Associate, Department of Business Administration, CDLU, Sirsa. ABSTRACT Credit risk is a risk related to non repayment of the credit obtained by the customer of a bank. Thus it is necessary to appraise the credibility of the customer in order to mitigate the credit risk.Proper evaluation of the customer is performed this measures the financial condition and the ability of the customer to repay back the loan in future. Credit Appraisal is a process to ascertain the risks associated with the extension of the credit facility. It is generally carried by the financial inst itutions which are involved in providing financial funding to its customers. In this paper, we study the Credit Risk Assessment Model of SBI Bank and to check the commercial, financial & technical viability of the project proposed & its funding pattern.Also to observe the movements to reduce various risk parameters which are broadly categorized into financial risk, business risk, industrial risk and management risk. The scope of the paper is restricted to branch of SBI in Hisar. Pinnacle  Research  Journals  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  10     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www. pinnaclejournals. com  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   KEYWORDS: Credit Risk Assessment Model, Credit Appraisal, Technical Viability. _____________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION Credit appraisal means an investigation/assessment done by the bank prior before providing any loans & advances/project finance & also checks the commercial, financial & technical viability of the project proposed its funding pattern & further checks the primary & collateral security cover available for recovery of such funds. Credit Appraisal is a process to ascertain the risks associated with the extension of the credit facility. It is generally carried by the financial institutions which are involved in providing financial funding to its customers.BASIC TYPES OF CREDIT There are four basic types of credit. By understanding how each works, you will be able to get the most for your money and avoid paying unnecessary charges. APJEM Arth  Prabhand:  A  Journal  of  Economics  and  Management  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vol. 2  Issue  1,  January  2013,  ISSN  2278? 0629 1. Service credit is monthly payments for utilities such as telephone, gas, electricity, and water. You often have to pay a deposit, and you may pay a late charge if your payment is not on time. 2. Loans let you borrow cash. Loans can be for small or large amounts and for a few days or several years.Money can be repaid in one lump sum or in several regular payments until the amount you borrowed and the finance charges are paid in full. Loans can be secured or unsecured. 3. Installment credit may be described as buying on time, financing through the store or the easy payment plan. The borrower takes the goods home in exchange for a promise to pay later. Cars, major appliances, and furniture are often purchased this way. You usually sign a contract, make a down payment, and agree to pay the balance with a specified number of equal payments called installments. The finance charges are included in the payments.The item yo u purchase may be used as security for the loan. 4. Credit cards are issued by individual retail stores, banks, or businesses. Using a credit card can be the equivalent of an interest-free loan–if you pay for the use of it in full at the end of each month. CREDIT APPRAISAL PROCESS Receipt of application from applicant | Receipt of documents (Balance sheet, KYC papers, Different govt. registration no. , MOA, AOA, and Properties documents) | Pre-sanction visit by bank officers | Check for RBI defaulters list, willful defaulters list, CIBIL data, ECGC caution list, etc. Title clearance reports of the properties to be obtained from empanelled advocates | Valuation reports of the properties to be obtained from empanelled valuer/engineers | Preparation of financial data | Proposal preparation | Assessment of proposal | Sanction/approval of proposal by appropriate sanctioning authority | Documentations, agreements, mortgages | Disbursement of loan Pinnacle  Research  Journals  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  11     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www. pinnaclejournals. com APJEM Arth  Prabhand:  A  Journal  of  Economics  and  Management  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vol. 2  Issue  1,  January  2013,  ISSN  2278? 0629 Post sanction activities such as receiving stock statements, review of accounts, renew of accounts, etc (On regular basis) REVIEW OF LITERATURE Uwe (2005)13 analysed and further development of the building blocks of modern credit risk management: Definitions of default; Estimation of default probabilities; Exposures; Recovery Rates; Pricing; Concepts of portfolio dependence; Time horizons for risk calculations; Quantification of portfolio risk; Estimation of risk measures; Portfolio analysis and portfolio improvement; Evaluation and comparison of credit risk models; Analytic portfolio loss distributions.Christian (2006)15 focused on the changing intensity of three policies that are commonly associa ted with financial repression, namely interest rate controls, statutory preemption and directed credit as well as the effects these policies had. The main findings are that the degree of financial repression has steadily increased between 1960 and 1980, and then declined somewhat before rising to a new peak at the end of the 1980s. Since the start of the overall economic reforms in 1991, the level of financial repression has steadily declined.Despite the high degree of financial repression, no statistically significant negative effects on savings, capital formation and financial development could be established which is contrary to the predictions of the financial liberalization hypothesis. Arnoud and Anjan (2007)17 study appear as the lead chapter in a readings book on corporate finance, financial intermediation and market micro structure. The unifying theme in the book is optimal design, and various chapters deal with the design of contracts, securities, institutions, market mecha nisms, and regulation from an information-theoretic perspective.Each chapter in the book is an original review article that seeks to synthesize the literature in a given area. Six topics are covered: design of contracts and securities; market microstructure; credit market implications of bank size, scope and structure; bank regulation; and finally the interaction between interbank competition, regulation and banking stability. Gary (2009)28 examined that the ‘shadow banking system' at the heart of the current credit crisis is, in fact, a real banking system – and is vulnerable to a banking panic.Indeed, the events starting in August 2007 are a banking panic. A banking panic is a systemic event because the banking system cannot honor its obligations and is insolvent. Unlike the historical banking panics of the 19th and early 20th centuries, the current banking panic is a wholesale panic, not a retail panic. In the earlier episodes, depositors ran to their banks and deman ded cash in exchange for their checking accounts. Unable to meet those demands, the banking system became insolvent.The current panic involved financial firms ‘running' on other financial firms by not renewing sale and repurchase agreements (repo) or increasing the repo margin (‘haircut'), forcing massive leveraging, and resulting in the banking system being insolvent. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The present paper is a case study which is restricted to branch of SBI in Hisar. The objective of research paper is to study the Credit Risk Assessment Model of SBI Bank and to check the commercial, financial & technical viability of the project proposed & its funding pattern. To observe the movements to reduce various risk parameters which are broadly categorized intoPinnacle  Research  Journals  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  12 http://www. pinnaclejournals. com APJEM Arth  Prabhand:  A  Journal  of  Economics  and  Managem ent  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vol. 2  Issue  1,  January  2013,  ISSN  2278? 0629 financial risk, business risk, industrial risk & management risk. For the purpose, the secondary data is collected through the Books & magazines, Database at SBI, Websites, E-circulars of SBI. DATA ANALYSIS A) CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT & APPRAISAL PROCESS OF SBI CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT RISK: Risk is inability or unwillingness of borrower-customer or counter-party to meet their repayment obligations/ honor their commitments, as per the stipulated terms.LENDER’ TASK †¢ †¢ Identify the risk factors, and Mitigate the risk RISK ARISE IN CREDIT: In the business world, Risk arises out of †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Deficiencies / lapses on the part of the management (Internal factor) Uncertainties in the business environment (External factor) Uncertainties in the industrial environment (External factor) Weakness in the financial position (Internal factor) TO PUT IN ANOTHER WAY, SUCCESS FACTORS BEHIND A BUSINESS ARE   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pinnacle  Research  Journals  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  13     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www. pinnaclejournals. om  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Managerial ability Favorable business environment Favorable industrial environment Adequate financial strength CREDIT & RISK †¢ †¢ †¢ Go hand in hand. They are like twin brothers. They can be compared to two sides of the same coin. APJEM Arth  Prabhand:  A  Journal  of  Economics  and  Management  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vol. 2  Issue  1,  January  2013,  ISSN  2278? 0629 †¢ All credit proposals have some inherent risks, excepting the almost negligible volume of lending against liquid collaterals with adequate margin.LENDING DESPITE RISKS †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ So, risk should not deter a Banker from lending. A banker’s task is to identify/ assess the risk factors/ parameters & manage / mitigate them on a continuous basis. But it’s always prudent to have some idea about the degree of risk associated with any credit proposal. The banker has to take a calculated risk, based on risk-absorption/ risk-hedging capacity & risk-mitigation techniques of the Bank. CREDIT RISK ASSESSMENT (CRA) – MINIMUM SCORES / HURDLE RATES 1.The CRA models adopted by the Bank take into account all possible factors which go into appraising the risks associated with a loan. These have been categorized broadly into financial, business, industrial & management risks and are rated separately. To arrive at the overall risk rat ing, the factors duly weighted are aggregated & calibrated to arrive at a single point indicator of risk associated with the credit decision. 2. FINANCIAL PARAMETERS: The assessment of financial risk involves appraisal of the financial strength of the borrower based on performance & financial indicators.The overall financial risk is assessed in terms of static ratios, future prospects & risk mitigation (collateral security / financial standing). Pinnacle  Research  Journals  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  14     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www. pinnaclejournals. com 3. INDUSTRY PARAMETERS: The following characteristics of an industry which pose varying degrees of risk are built into Bank’s CRA model: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Competition Industry outlook Regulatory risk Contemporary issues like WTO etc. 4. MANAGEMENT PARAMETERS: The management of an enterprise / group is rated on the following parameters: †¢ Integrity ( corporate governance) †¢ Track recordAPJEM Arth  Prabhand:  A  Journal  of  Economics  and  Management  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vol. 2  Issue  1,  January  2013,  ISSN  2278? 0629 †¢ Managerial competence / commitment †¢ Expertise †¢ Structure & systems †¢ Experience in the industry †¢ Credibility : ability to meet sales projections †¢ Credibility : ability to meet profit (PAT) projections †¢ Payment record †¢ Strategic initiatives †¢ Length of relationship with the Bank 5. The risk parameters as mentioned above are individually scored to arrive at an aggregate score of 100 (subject to qualitative factors – negative parameters).The overall score thus obtained (out of a max. of 100) is rated on a 8 point scale from SB1/SBTL1 to SB 8 /SBTL8. SALIENT FEATURES OF CRA MODELS (A) TYPE OF MODELS S. No. (i) (ii) Exposure Level (FB + NFB Limits ) Over Rs. 5. 00 crore Rs 0. 25 crore to Rs. 5. 00 crore Non – Trading S ector (C&I , SSI , AGL) Regular Model Simplified Model Trading Sector ( Trade & Services) Regular Model Simplified Model Pinnacle  Research  Journals  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  15     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www. pinnaclejournals. com

How do you respond to the presentation of Curley’s wife in ‘Of Mice and Men’? Essay

Curley’s wife is presented as quite an ambiguous character. She is seen in two ways: in one way she is seen as `jail bait’, a `tart’ and `tramp’. In another way she is seen as a victim of a male society, the only female on the farm. Even as a main character in the novel, she remains nameless and only as `Curley’s wife’. This makes her sound like Curley’s property like Curley’s horse or clothes. This is also symbolic of the role of women at the time in which Of Mice and Men was set. Curley’s wife is seen as a very promiscuous woman, but that is only because of the picture you build in your mind from the description of her flirtatious attitudes. Before we even meet Curley’s wife she is degraded by Candy, the `old swamper’. He accuses her of having â€Å"the eye† even though she has been married two weeks: â€Å"You know what I think? †¦ I think Curleys married a tart.† Candy says this becaus e, Curley’s wife gives a few of the other workers â€Å"the eye.† or so he thinks. Curley’s wife enters the bunkhouse; she uses the excuse that she is looking for Curley. She does not seem to want to leave. George tells her that he was here earlier. She still does not leave though, â€Å"she put her hands behind her back and leaned against the door frame so that her body was thrown forward.† This demonstrates her flirtatious nature. Curley’s wife backs her story up by saying, â€Å"sometimes he’s in here† looking at her hands as she does so. She finally leaves when George again tells her that Curley isn’t there. â€Å"Nobody can’t blame a person for looking.† Curley’s wife says this almost to protect herself, as if to say, nobody can fault her if she is only looking for her husband. When thinking about or looking at what Curley’s wife is wearing, you would not associate it with every day life on a farm; she is out of place. Does this carry on throughout the story? Is she always out of place? â€Å"She had full rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. Her fingernails were red. Her hair hung in little rolled cluster s, like sausages. She wore cotton house dress and red mules. On the insteps of which were little bouquets of red ostrich feathers.† The constant reminder of red gives us two ideas: one, red being used as the colour of passion. Yet another sign of Curley’s wife’s flirtatious manner: two, red showing danger. All the signs of red could be a link to the red dress of the girl in Weed, where George and Lennie previously worked. Could there be a link? Curley’s wife recognises that her body and sexuality are her only weapons and she’s using them. In Steinbeck’s words â€Å"she had only one thing to sell and she knew it.† Curley’s wife is portrayed as this `tart’ and `jail bait’ not purely by accident. This portrayal is purely through the author’s actions. The mere fact that she is known only as Curley’s wife is a clear sign of her anonymity. She is given no name or in fact no identity. Is this hatred to women on Steinback’s part, or is he addressing the stereotyp ical attitudes towards women? Curley’s wife like everybody else has dreams. Curley’s wife’s dream is to be a star. Curley’s wife was asked to go on a show when she was younger, but her mother wouldn’t let her. Curley’s wife remembers a man in the â€Å"pitchers.† Said he’d write to her about becoming an actress and being in the movies. Curley’s wife says that her mother stole the letter when it came, to stop her from reaching her dream, when it really didn’t come at all. â€Å"Well I wasn’t gonna stay no place where I couldn’t get nowhere or make something of myself†¦ so I married Curley† this gives a strong impression that she married Curley purely out of spite, toward her mother. She goes on to say that â€Å"I don’ like Curley† this confirms the fact that she married him out of spite. Like the rest of the dreams in of Mice and Men hers so far has failed. â€Å"I coulda made somethin of myself†¦ maybe I will yet.† But Curley’s wife is still holding on to a faint glimmer of hope. This may explain Curley’s wife’s behaviour on the ranch; she may see it as a stage and the workers as her audience. In chapter four our attitudes towards Curley’s wife change dramatically throughout. In the beginning a feeling of sympathy and loneliness is aroused, because of her failed dreams and the way her husband treats her or rather doesn’t treat her â€Å"Think I don’t know where they all went?† Curley and the other ranch workers are spending their evening in a brothel. Toward the end a feeling of hatred or dislike is built up, beginning with her flirtatious manner to Lennie, ending with her racial abuse and threats towards Crooks: â€Å"I could get you strung up on a tree so easy it aint even funny.† This is another sign of the society at that time. Curley’s wife mocks the dream of George, Lennie and Candy, saying that they almost had better things to spend their money on: â€Å"Baloney†¦ I seen too many you guys. If you had two cents in the worl’ why you’d be getting two shots of corn†¦ And sucking the bottom of the glass.† This is a clear sign, to the reader, of her naivetà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. Here she is mocking others dreams, when not so long ago her dream shattered around her. Curley’s wife’s death can be looked upon in many different ways. From the way the other characters are seen to respond, it is as if they are the victims of the death and not her. The way in which the author describes the body is the opposite: â€Å"She was very pretty and simple, and her face was sweet and young.† This would suggest an innocent frame of mind, as if her death had transformed her. To someone or something better. Even though Curley’s wife is dead, she is still subject to blame. Candy is one of those who feel this way, talking to the lifeless body â€Å"You done it, di’n’t you? I s’pose you’re glad. Everybody knowed you’d mess things up. You wasn’t no good. You aint no good now, you lousy tart.† When the `guys’ find out about her death, I don’t think that Curley seems to realise that his wife is dead. He doesn’t stop to mourn at all, or hold her one last time, as any self-respecting man would do. He is only interested in one thing, revenge. In conclusion Curley’s wife is seen as an ambiguous character. Her moods and mannerisms change throughout the novel. She is presented, as somebody that no one likes not even her own husband. I think this is character is very misunderstood and if anyone was to take the time to get to know her a little better I’m sure Curley’s wife could be a very `nice’ person.

The Raven Analysis Essay

The Raven Analysis Essay Free Online Research Papers Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Raven† is a dark reflection on lost love, death, and loss of hope. The poem examines the emotions of a young man who has lost his lover to death and who tries unsuccessfully to distract himself from his sadness through books. Books, however, prove to be of little help, as his nights become a nightmare and his solitude is shattered by a single visitor, the raven. In this poem, Poe uses symbolism, imagery, and tone, as well as a variety of poetic elements to suggest that the sorrow felt about the loss of a love can lead to insanity. Within the poem, Poe divides the characters and imagery into two conflicting aspects of light and dark in which darkness overwhelms the light. Almost everything in the poem reflects one world or the other. â€Å"For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels named Lenore†. Lenore, who is repeatedly described as â€Å"radiant† epitomizes the world of light along with the angels, emphasize the light. â€Å"And the lamp-light oer him streaming throws his shadow on the floor†. The lamplight the character uses to light his chamber, bring the element of light in the otherwise dark and shadowy chamber. However, The Raven, as well as the dreary December night shows signs of darkness. â€Å"But the raven, sitting lonely on the placid bust, spoke only That one word as if his soul in that one word he did outpour.† The raven is the darkest illustration in the poem and essentially it represents all the pain and grief that is slow pushes him to insanity. These images o f light and darkness go even further to represent love and grief. The man associates images of light in the poem with his love for Lenore and the dark images are associated with the grief of losing Lenore. Told from the third person, Poe also uses symbolism to create a strong melancholy tone. For instance, both midnight and December symbolize an end of something and the hope of something new to happen. Another example is the chamber in which the narrator is placed; this is used to show the loneliness of the man. Along with imagery and symbolism, Poe incorporates many poetic elements to express the characters feeling of sorrow and grief. These include assonance, alliteration, and rhyme. Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds. For example â€Å"For the rare and radiant maiden, whom the angels name Lenore.† This repeats the vowel sound of â€Å"a†. Poe also used a lot of alliteration. For example, â€Å"Doubting dreaming dreams no mortal ever, dared to dream before†. Observe the repetition of the â€Å"d† sound. Other examples of alliteration can be found in line 64; â€Å"Followed fast and followed faster till his songs one burden bore† Notice the repetition of the â€Å"f† sound at the beginning of the sentence. One last element used in â€Å"The Raven† is a rhyme. A good example of this can be found in the first stanza; dreary, weary, tapping, door, door, more. This is an abcbbb pattern. Each of these sound devices reinforces the meaning by emphasizing important words. Including many elements such as tone, imagery, and symbolism, Poe provided the reader with a better understanding of what exactly is going on in his poem. Without these elements, the reader may have never fully recognized Poe’s theme of death and sadness; loss and loneliness. Research Papers on Analysis Essay of the "The Raven"Albatross and Rimm of the Ancient MarinerLove DivorceTartaros A Place of Ultimate PunishmentThe Damnable Life of FaustThe Broken FamilyThe Gnostic JesusThe Colour PurpleHenderson the Rain KingDefinition of Export QuotasEmmett Till Biography

Marjorie Joyner and the Wave Machine

Marjorie Joyner and the Wave Machine An employee of  Madame Walkers  empire, Majorie Joyner invented a permanent wave machine. This device, patented in 1928, curled or permed womens hair for a relatively lengthy period of time. The wave machine was popular among women white and black allowing for longer-lasting wavy hair styles. Joyner went on to become a prominent figure in Walkers industry. Early Years Joyner was born in 1896 in the rural Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia and moved in 1912 to Chicago to go to school study cosmetology.   She was the granddaughter of a white slave owner and a slave. Joyner graduated from A.B. Molar Beauty School in Chicago in 1916. She was the first  African-American  to achieve this. At the beauty school, she  met  Madame C. J. Walker, an African-American beauty entrepreneur who owned a cosmetic empire. Always an advocate of beauty for women, Joyner went to work for Walker and oversaw 200 of her beauty schools, working as the national adviser. One of her major duties was sending Walkers hair stylists door-to-door, dressed in black skirts and white blouses with black satchels, containing a range of beauty products that were applied  in  the customers house. Joyner taught some 15,000 stylists over her 50-year career.   Wave Machine Joyner was also a leader in developing new products, such as her permanent wave machine. She  invented her wave machine as a solution to the hair problems of African-American women. Joyner took her inspiration from a pot roast. She cooked with paper pins to shorten prep time. She experimented initially with these paper rods and soon designed a table that could be used to curl or straighten hair by wrapping it on rods above the persons head and then cooking them to set the hair. Using this method, hairstyles would last several days. Joyners design was popular in  salons  with both African-American and white women. Joyner never profited  from  her invention, however, because Madame Walker owned the rights.  In 1987, the Smithsonian Institution in Washington opened an exhibit featuring Joyners permanent wave machine and a replica of her original salon.   Other Contributions Joyner also helped write the first cosmetology laws for the state of  Illinois,  and founded both a sorority and a national association for black beauticians. Joyner was friends with Eleanor  Roosevelt,  and helped found the  National Council of Negro Women. She was an advisor to the Democratic National Committee in the   1940s,  and advised several New Deal agencies trying to reach out to black women. Joyner was highly visible in the Chicago black community, as head of the  Chicago Defender  Charity network, and fundraiser for various schools.   Together with Mary Bethune Mcleod, Joyner founded the United Beauty School Owners and Teachers Association.  In 1973, at the age of 77, she was awarded a bachelors degree in psychology from  Bethune-Cookman College  in  Daytona Beach, Florida. Joyner also volunteered for several charities that helped house, educate, and find work for African Americans during the Great Depression.

Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Research Paper - Essay Example Traditionally, these problems were not apparent because tourists were very responsible in helping preserving the pristine nature of places they visit. But today the environment are becoming an eye sore because of exploitation through ecotourism. Wildlife is also threatened. Reasons for this could be poor management so that the environment and wildlife are not conserved. Ecoutourism became a form of business rather than appreciation of nature. Thus, most often it hastens the decline of natural resources and causes the imbalance of environmental ecology as a result of some extinction of fauna brought about by extensive tourism. Modern ecotourism should be transformed from its current state to the position where it contributes to ecological preservation, nature protection, and social responsibility. (Make sure you describe the problem fully in introduction. I think the problem was fully described. Besides I will be going beyond 5 pages if I will revise the introduction. I even went beyo nd the number of word count required in your paper)(he said to me need more describe so you can change some words by another words which is more value of describe) Ecotourism is believed to contribute to ecological preservation. This had been observed in the case of turtle based ecotourism at Mon Repos Beach just near Bundaberg, Australia (Tisdell, Clem & Wilson, Clevo, 1). The development of turtle based ecotourism contributed positively in its preservation. It was even adopted by other countries like Sri Lanka as their â€Å"come on† tourist attraction. Observation also reveals that when people are interested in certain place, the more that the host communities are going to exert effort to preserve its natural beauty. An example of this is the Great Wall of China. Ever since it attracted tourist from all over the world, the Chinese government started to pay particular attention in the maintenance of the wall as well as planting